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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlem | om surlo |
| 2SG: | surlet | ot surlo |
| 3SG: | surla | ok/ogeš surlo |
| 1PL: | surlena | ona/ogə̑na surlo |
| 2PL: | surleda | oda/ogə̑da surlo |
| 3PL: | surlat | ogə̑t surlo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m surlo |
| 2SG: | surlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ surlo |
| 3SG: | surlə̑š | ə̑š surlo |
| 1PL: | surlə̑šna | ə̑šna surlo |
| 2PL: | surlə̑šda | ə̑šda surlo |
| 3PL: | surlə̑št | ə̑št surlo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlenam | surlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | surlenat | surlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | surlen | surlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | surlenna | surlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | surlenda | surlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | surlenə̑t | surlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlem ə̑l'e | om surlo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surlet ə̑l'e | ot surlo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš surlo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na surlo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da surlo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t surlo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlem ulmaš | om surlo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surlet ulmaš | ot surlo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surla ulmaš | ok/ogeš surlo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na surlo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da surlo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surlat ulmaš | ogə̑t surlo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlenam ə̑l'e | surlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surlenat ə̑l'e | surlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surlen ə̑l'e | surlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surlenna ə̑l'e | surlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surlenda ə̑l'e | surlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surlen ə̑l'e | surlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlenam ulmaš | surlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surlenat ulmaš | surlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surlen ulmaš | surlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surlenna ulmaš | surlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surlenda ulmaš | surlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surlen ulmaš | surlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surlo | it surlo |
| 3SG: | surlə̑žo | ə̑nže surlo |
| 1PL: | (surlena) | (ona/ogə̑na surlo) |
| 2PL: | surlə̑za | ida surlo |
| 3PL: | surlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št surlo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlə̑nem | ə̑nem surlo |
| 2SG: | surlə̑net | ə̑net surlo |
| 3SG: | surlə̑neže | ə̑než surlo |
| 1PL: | surlə̑nena | ə̑nena surlo |
| 2PL: | surlə̑neda | ə̑neda surlo |
| 3PL: | surlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt surlo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem surlo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net surlo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než surlo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena surlo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda surlo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt surlo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net surlo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než surlo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | surlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda surlo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt surlo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | surlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | surlə̑man |
| Active participle: | surlə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | surlə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | surlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | surlə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | surlen |
| Negative gerund: | surlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | surlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | surlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | surlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | surlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | surlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||